Old Laqar Examples

Čiš
example
-lə
-P.F
zik
some
-em
-P.F
lákár
Laqar
=lo
=INST
došåy
write.PFV
-o
-1.S
-xå
-3.P.F
=pə
=COMP
låġ
be_supposed.IPFV
-á.
-3.S.M

[ˈtɕʰiɕlɐ ˈzikʰem ˈlɑkʰɑɾlo doˈɕɔjoxɔpʰɐ ˈlɔɣwɐ]
I should write some examples in (Old) Laqar.

Geh
peasant
-yit
-P.M
-dər
-DEF.P.M
yazə
wheat
c'i
3.S.M.DIST
=ča
=DAT
hol
grow.IPFV
-u
-3.P.M
-ri
-3.S.F
=pə
=COMP
šey
lord
-də
-DEF.S.M
ja
make.PFV
-y
-3.S.M
-wə.
-3.S.M

[ˈgehjitʰdɐɾ ˈjæzɐ ˈtsʼitɕʰæ ˈholuɾipʰɐ ˈɕejdɐ ˈdzæjwɐ]
The lord made the peasants grow wheat for him.

Lar
bright
-ə
-S.M
=zə
=REL
yarkə
star
=no
=PAT
håx
man
-ri
-3.S.F
-də
-DEF.SG.M
kårbe
table
-de
-DEF.S.F
lox
head
-ri
-3.S.F
=k'ə
=LOC
jit
fuck.PFV
-en
-3.S.F
-wə.
-3.S.M

[ˈlæɾɐzɐ ˈjæɾkʰɐno ˈhɔxɾidɐ ˈkʰɔɾbede ˈloxɾikʼɐ ˈdzitʰenwɐ]
Bright Star made love with (lit. was fucked by) her husband on the table.

Mox
strong
-á
-S.M
=zə
=REL
sərlow
deer
låk
tall
-ə
-S.M
=zə
=REL
ġor
trees
-wə
-SGV
=k'əl
=ABL
buk
hair
=čak'
=ALL
ked
rise.PFV
-3.S.M
-wə
-3.S.M
yåk'
reason
=lo
=INST
de
PROX.SG.M
=no
=PAT
c'i
DIST.SG.M
luy
kill.PFV
-3.S.M
-wə.
-3.S.M

[ˈmoxɑzɐ ˈsɐɾlow ˈlɔkʰɐzɐ ˈɣoɾwɐkʼɐl ˈbuktɕʰækʼ ˈkʰedwɐ ˈjɔkʼlo ˈdeno ˈtsʼi ˈlujwɐ]
Strong Deer rebelled against Tall Tree, so he (Strong Deer) was killed by him (Tall Tree).

The Lord's Prayer

Xeru
heaven
-də
-DEF.S.M
=k'ə
=LOC
=zə
=ATTR
Tåz
father
-ni,
-1.P

[xeɾuˈdɐkʼɐzɐ ˈtʰɔzni]
Our Father who art in heaven,

kih
name
-yi
-2.S.M
=no
=PAT
səllə
holy
-se
-CAUS
-n
-IPFV
-yin
-3.S.F
-še.
-SJV

[ˈkʰihjino sɐlːɐˈsenjinɕe]
Hallowed be thy name.

C'əy
kingdom
-yi
-2.S.M
law
come.PFV
-3.S.M
-še.
-SJV

[ˈtsʼɐjːi ˈlæwɕe]
Thy kingdom come.

Kuha
will
-yi
-2.S.M
la
do.PFV
-y
-3.S.M
-še
-SJV

[ˈkʰuhæji ˈlæjɕe]
Thy will be done

xeru
heaven
-də
-DEF.S.M
=k'ə
=LOC
ġá
exist.IPFV
-yə
-3.S.M
row
way
=lo
=INST
lox
earth
-də
-DEF.S.M
=k'ə.
=LOC

[xeˈɾudɐkʼɐ ˈɣɑjɐ ˈɾowlo ˈloxdɐkʼɐ]
on earth as it is in heaven.

Nit
1.P
=ča
=DAT
k'aw
day
-t
-ADJ
-e
-S.F
əc'id
bread
-ni
-1.P
k'o
day
duz
PROX.S.F
=k'ə
=LOC
he
give
-ri,
-3.S.F

[ˈnitʰtɕʰæ ˈkʼæwtʰe ˈɐtsʼidni ˈkʼo ˈduzkʼɐ ˈheɾi]
Give us this day our daily bread,

nit
1.P
=ča
=DAT
rəx
trespass.IPFV
-cə
-GER
-l
-P.F
-ni
-1.P
neha
forgive
-ri,
-3.S.F

[ˈnitʰtɕʰæ ˈɾɐxtsʰɐlni ˈnehæɾi]
and forgive us our trespasses,

nit
1.P
=čak'
=ALL
rəxə
trespass
-l
-PFV
-wu
-3.P.M
=zə
=REL
c'ir
DIST.3.P.M
neha
forgive
-n
-IPFV
-lå
-1.P
-wo
-3.P.M
row
way
=lo,
=INST

[ˈnitʰtɕʰækʼ ˈɾɐxɐlwuzɐ ˈtsʼiɾ neˈhænlɔwo ˈɾowlo]
as we forgive those who trespass against us,

əc
and
box
tempt.PFV
-cə
-GER
=čak'
=ALL
šu
NEG
šåk
lead
-ni,
-1.P

[ɐtsʰ ˈboxtsʰɐtɕʰækʼ ɕu ˈɕɔkʰni]
and lead us not into temptation,

əc
and
hare
evil
=k'əl
=ABL
rey
rather
gəb
save
-ni.
-1.P

[ɐtsʰ ˈhæɾekʼɐl ˈɾej ˈgɐbni]
but deliver us from evil.

Seven Kill Stele

Xeru
heaven
-də
-DEF.S.M
tol
many
-yam
-P.M
yər
thing
-it
-P.M
key
front
=čak'
=ALL
lah
bring
-na
-IPFV
-y
-3.S.M
-wo.
-3.P.M

[ˈxeɾudɐ ˈtʰoljæm ˈjɐɾitʰ ˈkʰejtɕʰækʼ ˈlæhnæjwo]
Heaven brings forth innumerable things to nurture man.

Xeru
heaven
-də
-DEF.S.M
=ča
=DAT
k'ow
back
liġ
pay
-cə
-GER
=ča
=DAT
=zə
=REL
may
good
-ə
-S.M
=zə
=REL
yår
thing
šu
NEG
ġəla
mankind
=ča
=DAT
ġá
exist.IPFV
-yə.
-3.S.M

[ˈxeɾudɐtɕʰæ kʼow ˈliɣtsʰɐtɕʰæzɐ ˈmæjɐzɐ ˈjɔɾ ˈɕu ˈɣɐlætɕʰæ ˈɣɑjɐ]
Man has nothing good with which to recompense Heaven.

Lüy
die
-se.
-CAUS
Lüy
die
-se.
-CAUS
Lüy
die
-se.
-CAUS
Lüy
die
-se.
-CAUS
Lüy
die
-se.
-CAUS
Lüy
die
-se.
-CAUS
Lüy
die
-se.
-CAUS

[ˈlyjse ˈlyjse ˈlyjse ˈlyjse ˈlyjse ˈlyjse ˈlyjse]
Kill. Kill. Kill. Kill. Kill. Kill. Kill.

Ring Poem

Nexå
sky
-də
-DEF.S.M
k'ič
under
-wə
-3.S.M
=k'ə
=LOC
=zə
=REL
Wika
light-being
ket
king
-yet
-P.M
=ča
=DAT
=zə
=REL
Keya
ring
te,
three

[ˈnexɒdɐ ˈkʼitɕʰwɐkʼɐzɐ ˈwikʰæ ˈkʰetʰjetʰtɕʰæzɐ ˈkʰejæ ˈtʰe]
Three Rings for the Elven-kings under the sky,

Ǝc'a
stone
råw
hall
-yit
-P.M
-wo
-3.P.M
=k'ə
=LOC
=zə
=REL
Lawə
earth-being
šey
lord
-et
-P.M
=ča
=DAT
=zə
=REL
kan
two
əc
and
páġ,
five

[ˈɐtsʼæ ˈɾɔwjitʰwokʼɐzɐ ˈlæwɐ ˈɕejetʰtɕʰæzɐ ˈkʰæn ɐtsʰ ˈpʰɑɣ]
Seven for the Dwarf-lords in their halls of stone,

Lüy
die
-cə
-GER
=ča
=DAT
hoxe
doom
-wat
-PART.PASS
-əm
-P.M
=zə
=REL
Lüy
die
-yod
-PART.ACT
-əm
-P.M
=zə
=REL
Mol
person
-it
-P.M
=ča
=DAT
=zə
=REL
li
four
əc
and
páġ,
five

[ˈlyjtsʰɐtɕʰæ hoˈχewætʰɐmzɐ ˈlyjːodɐmzɐ ˈmolitʰtɕʰæzɐ ˈli ɐtsʰ ˈpʰɑɣ]
Nine for Mortal Men doomed to die,

Gåw
dark
-e
-S.F
=zə
=REL
k'uh
chair
-wə
-3.S.M
=k'ə
=LOC
=zə
=REL
Gåw
dark
-ə
-S.M
=zə
=REL
Šey
lord
-də
-DEF.S.M
=ča
=DAT
=zə
=REL
såx
one

[ˈgɔwezɐ ˈkʼuhwɐkʼɐzɐ ˈgɔwɐzɐ ˈɕejdɐtɕʰæzɐ sɔx]
One for the Dark Lord on his dark throne

Ukə
shadow
-l
-P.F
-dim
-DEF.P.F
kin
lie.IPFV
-rå
-3.P.F
mawe
place
=k'ə
=LOC
=zə
=REL
Murdor
Mordor
-de
-DEF.3.S.F
Nora
land
-de
-DEF.3.S.F
=k'ə.
=LOC

[ˈʔukʰɐldim ˈkʰinɾɔ ˈmæwekʼɐzɐ ˈmuɾdoɾde ˈnoɾædekʼɐ]
In the Land of Mordor where the Shadows lie.

Kå
all
-yəm
-P.M
=zə
=REL
dar
3.P.M
=no
=PAT
nuk'a
rule.IPFV
-c
-GER
-wo
-3.P.M
=ča
=DAT
=zə
=REL
Keya
ring
Såx,
one
dar
3.P.M
=no
=PAT
ġå
find.PFV
-c
-GER
-wo
-3.P.M
=ča
=DAT
=zə
=REL
Keya
ring
Såx,
one

[ˈkʰɔjɐmzɐ ˈdæɾno ˈnukʼætsʰwotɕʰæzɐ ˈkʰejæ ˈsɔx | ˈdæɾno ˈɣɔtsʰwotɕʰæzɐ ˈkʰejæ ˈsɔx]
One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to find them,

Kå
all
-yəm
-P.M
=zə
=REL
dar
3.P.M
=no
=PAT
lah
bring.PFV
-c
-GER
-wo
-3.P.M
əc
and
k'on
darkness
-de
-DEF.S.M
=k'ə
=LOC
məkna
bind.PFV
-c
-GER
-wo
-3.P.M
=ča
=DAT
=zə
=REL
Keya
ring
Såx
one

[ˈkʰɔjɐmzɐ ˈdæɾno ˈlæhtsʰwo ɐtsʰ ˈkʼondekʼɐ ˈmɐkʰnætsʰwotɕʰæzɐ ˈkʰejæ ˈsɔx]
One Ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them

Ukə
shadow
-l
-P.F
-dim
-DEF.P.F
kin
lie.IPFV
-rå
-3.P.F
mawe
place
=k'ə
=LOC
=zə
=REL
Murdor
Mordor
-de
-DEF.3.S.F
Nora
land
-de
-DEF.3.S.F
=k'ə.
=LOC

[ˈʔukʰɐldim ˈkʰinɾɔ ˈmæwekʼɐzɐ ˈmuɾdoɾde ˈnoɾædekʼɐ]
In the Land of Mordor where the Shadows lie.

Babel Text

Sexå
whole
-yə
-S.M
=zə
=REL
lox
earth
-də
-DEF.S.M
=ča
=DAT
lahem
language
såx
one
əc
and
bel
same
-yem
-P.F
=zə
=REL
xen
word
-lə
-P.F
-dem
-DEF.P.F
re
now
ġá
exist.IPFV
-wu.
-3.P.M

Now the whole earth had one language and the same words.

Ǝc
and
riģə
people
nemmə
east
-de
-DEF.S.F
=k'əl
=ABL
neko
migrate.IPFV
-tåw
-PST
-en
-3.S.F
dakə
time
=lo
=INST
duz
PROX.S.F
Šinar
Shinar
-de
-DEF.S.F
nora
land
-de
-DEF.S.F
=k'ə
=LOC
=zə
=REL
wåbə
plain
ġå
find.PFV
-yen
-3.S.F
-ri
-3.S.F
əc
and
c'iz
PROX.S.F
=k'ə
=LOC
wati
settle.PFV
-yen
-3.S.F
-ri.
-3.S.F

And as people migrated from the east, they found a plain in the land of Shinar and settled there.

Ǝc
and
duz
PROX.S.F
ku
say.PFV
-yr
-RECIP
-en,
-3.S.F
"Low
come.PFV
-xo,
-IMP.2.P
neta
bricks
ja
make.PFV
-lå
-1.P
-wə
-3.S.M
əc
and
tunnə
thorough
lab
burn.PFV
-lå
-1.P
-wə
-3.S.M
=pə
=COMP
tay
allow
-ə."
-3.S.M
Ǝc
and
duz
PROX.S.F
=ča
=DAT
əc'a
stone
maw
place
-wə
-3.S.M
=ča
=DAT
=zə
=REL
neta
bricks
əc
and
seġá
mortar
maw
place
-wə
-3.S.M
=ča
=DAT
-zə
=REL
terə
bitumen
ġá
exist.IPFV
-tw
-PST
-ə.
-3.S.M

And they said to one another, "Come, let us make bricks, and burn them thoroughly." And they had brick for stone, and bitumen for mortar.

C'ü
back
=ča
=DAT
duz
PROX.S.F
ku
say.PFV
-yr
-RECIP
-en,
-3.S.F
"Low
come.PFV
-xo,
-IMP.2.P
helat
city
əc
and
xeru
heaven
-də
-DEF.S.M
=k'ə
=LOC
lox
top
-wə
-3.S.M
ġá
exist.IPFV
-yə
-3.S.M
=zə
=REL
nåtəh
tower
gim
build
-lə
-PFV
-lå
-1.P
-wo
-3.P.M
=pə
=COMP
tay
allow
-ə,
-3.S.M
əc
and
nit
1.P
=no
=PAT
sex
whole
-yə
-P.M
=zə
=REL
lox
earth
-də
-DEF.S.M
då
surface
-w
-3.S.M
-də
-DEF.S.M
buk
over
-wə
-3.S.M
=čak'
=ALL
lebot
disperse.PFV
-lå
-1.P
set
fear
-him
-NOM
=k'əl
=ABL
mi
REFL
-ča
=DAT
kehə
name
ja
make.PFV
-lå
-1.P
-ri
-3.S.F
=pə
=COMP
tay
allow
-ə."
-3.S.M

Then they said, "Come, let us build ourselves a city and a tower with its top in the heavens, and let us make a name for ourselves, lest we be dispersed over the face of the whole earth."

Ǝc
and
ġalə
mankind
bil
child
-lə
-P.F
-w
-3.S.M
-dim
-DEF.P.F
gim
build
-lə
-PFV
-rå
-3.P.F
-wə
-3.S.M
=zə
=REL
helat
city
-də
-DEF.S.M
əc
and
nåtəh
tower
-də
-DEF.S.M
=no
=PAT
zey
see
-lə
-PFV
-c
-GER
-wu
-3.P.M
=ča
=DAT
Šey
lord
-də
-DEF.S.M
k'ičə
down
=čak'
=ALL
law
come.PFV
-ə.
-3.S.M

And the Lord came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of man had built.

Ǝc
and
Šey
lord
-də
-DEF.S.M
ku
say.PFV
-yə,
-3.S.M
"Zey,
see
dar
PROX.P.M
zetə
ethnic_group
såx
one
te
be_equal.IPFV
-wu
-3.P.M
-ri,
-3.S.F
əc
and
dar
PROX.P.M
=ča
=DAT
lahem
language
såx
one
ġá
exist.IPFV
-yen,
-3.S.F
əc
and
de
PROX.S.M
dar
PROX.P.M
de
PROX.S.M
lə
do.PFV
-wu
-3.P.M
-wə
-3.S.M
=pə
=COMP
nay
will
-ə
-3.S.M
=zə
=REL
de
PROX.S.M
zič
start
-də
-DEF.S.M
ti
be_equal.IPFV
-y
-3.S.M
-wə.
-3.S.M
Ǝc
and
dar
PROX.P.M
lacə
do.PFV
lota
propose.PFV
-wu
-3.P.M
-wə
-3.S.M
=zə
=REL
yår
thing
šå
NEG.S.M
dar
PROX.P.M
=ča
=DAT
šu
NEG
tuz
possible
-yə
-3.S.M
=pə
=COMP
re
now
nay
will
-ə.
-3.S.M

And the Lord said, "Behold, they are one people, and they have all one language, and this is only the beginning of what they will do. And nothing that they propose to do will now be impossible for them.

Low
come.PFV
-xo,
-IMP.2.P
dar
PROX.P.M
jow
each_other
rut
speech
-ri
-3.S.F
tib
understand
-wu
-3.P.M
-ri
-3.S.F
=pə
=COMP
šu
NEG
råh
possible
-ə
-3.S.M
yåk'
reason
=ča
=DAT
k'ičə
down
=čak'
=ALL
zič
go.PFV
-lå
-1.P
əc
and
lahm
language
-o
-3.P.M
c'i
DIST.S.M
=k'ə
=LOC
liža
confuse
-l
-PFV
-lå
-1.P
-ri
-3.S.F
=pə
=COMP
tay
allow
-ə."
-3.S.M

Come, let us go down and there confuse their language, so that they may not understand one another's speech."

De
PROX.S.M
=k'əl
=ABL
Šey
lord
-də
-DEF.S.M
dar
PROX.P.M
=no
=PAT
c'i
DIST.S.M
=k'əl
=ABL
kå
all
-yə
-S.M
=zə
=REL
lox
earth
-də
-DEF.S.M
då
surface
-w
-3.S.M
-də
-DEF.S.M
buk
over
-wə
-3.S.M
=čak'
=ALL
lebut
disperse.PFV
-wo,
-3.P.M
əc
and
dar
PROX.P.M
helat
city
-də
-DEF.S.M
gim
build.IPFV
-u
-3.P.M
-wə
-3.S.M
=pə
=COMP
yac
end
-ə.
-3.S.M

So the Lord dispersed them from there over the face of all the earth, and they left off building the city.

De
PROX.S.M
=k'əl
-ABL
Šey
lord
-də
-DEF.S.M
kå
all
-yə
-S.M
=zə
=REL
lox
earth
-də
-DEF.S.M
lahem
language
-wə
-3.S.M
-de
-DEF.S.F
c'i
DIST.S.M
=k'ə
=LOC
liža
confuse
-lə
-PFV
-y
-3.S.M
-ri
-3.S.F
yåk'
reason
=lo
=INST
keh
name
-wə
-3.S.M
=no
=PAT
Babel
Babel
-də
-DEF.S.M
=lo
=INST
nil
call.IPFV
-təw
-PST
-ə.
-3.S.M
Ǝc
and
c'i
DIST.S.M
=k'əl
=ABL
Šey
lord
-də
-DEF.S.M
dar
PROX.P.M
=no
=PAT
kå
all
-yə
-S.M
=zə
=REL
lox
earth
-də
-DEF.S.M
då
surface
-w
-3.S.M
-də
-DEF.S.M
buk
over
-wə
-3.S.M
=čak'
=ALL
lebut
disperse.PFV
-wo.
-3.P.M
Therefore its name was called Babel, because there the Lord confused the language of all the earth. And from there the Lord dispersed them over the face of all the earth.

The North Wind and the Sun

C'urə
north
Süwbə
wind
-də
-DEF.S.M
əc
and
Ləša
sun
-də
-DEF.S.M
yul
choice
-de
-DEF.S.F
mox
strong
-sa
-COMP
-yen
-3.S.F
=pə
=COMP
zenə
dispute.IPFV
-tw
-PST
-u
-3.P.M
-wə
-3.S.M
dakə
time
=k'ə
=LOC
calla
warm
-ye
-S.F
=zə
=REL
rič'o
coat
=lo
=INST
yåž
wrap.IPFV
-wat
-PASSP
-ə
-3.S.M
=zə
=REL
yan
travel.IPFV
-me
-AGT
law
come.PFV
-ə.
-3.S.M

The North Wind and the Sun were disputing which was the stronger, when a traveler came along wrapped in a warm cloak.

Yəna
travel
-m
-AGTN
-də
-DEF.S.M
rič'
coat
-wə
-3.S.M
zəh
take_off.PFV
-se
-CAUS
-c
-GER
-wə
-3.S.M
såx
one
-rə
-ORD
yimmə
succeed.PFV
-y
-3.S.M
-wə
-3.S.M
=zə
=REL
de
PROX.S.M
=no
=PASS
sah
other
-him
-NOM
-də
-DEF.S.M
=lo
=INST
mox
strong
-sa
-COMP
zur
consider.IPFV
-yə
-3.S.M
=pə
=COMP
c'ir
DIST.P.M
c'ak
agree.PFV
-u.
-3.P.M

They agreed that the one who first succeeded in making the traveler take his cloak off should be considered stronger than the other.

C'urə
north
Süwbə
wind
-də
-DEF.S.M
c'i
DIST.S.M
=hə
=AGT
zəhu
be_able.IPFV
-yə
-3.S.M
row
way
=lo
=INST
mox
strong
žey
then
dozi
blow.PFV
-yə,
-3.S.M
əc
and
c'i
DIST.S.M
tol
much
-sa
-COMP
dozi
blow.PFV
-yə
-3.S.M
dakə
time
=lo
=INST
yəna
travel
-m
-AGTN
-də
-DEF.S.M
rič'
coat
-wə
-3.S.M
de
PROX.S.M
dek
circle
-wə
-3.S.M
=čak'
=ALL
žim
close
-sa
-COMP
šik'ə
however
yəši
fold
-y
-3.S.M
-ri;
-3.S.F
əc
and
C'urə
north
Süwbə
wind
-də
-DEF.S.M
lokáh
attempt
-de
-DEF.S.F
cəw
end
-ut
-ADV
məze
give_up.PFV
-y
-3.S.M
-ri.
-3.S.F

Then the North Wind blew as hard as he could, but the more he blew the more closely did the traveler fold his cloak around him; and at last the North Wind gave up the attempt.

Ləša
sun
-də
-DEF.S.M
süwbə
outside
=čak'
=ALL
calla
warm
žey
then
bek'a
shine.IPFV
-tw
-PST
-ə,
-3.S.M
əc
and
yəna
travel
-m
-AGTN
-də
-DEF.S.M
rič'
coat
-wə
-3.S.M
sehun
immediate
zəhə
take_off.PFV
-y
-3.S.M
-ri.
-3.S.F

Then the Sun shined out warmly, and immediately the traveler took off his cloak.

C'urə
north
Süwbə
wind
-də
-DEF.S.M
Ləša
sun
-də
-DEF.S.M
kan
two
-de
-DEF.S.F
=k'əl
=ABL
mox
strong
-sa
-COMP
-tw
-PST
-ə
-3.S.M
=pə
=COMP
rekow
confess.PFV
-cə
-GER
-wə
-3.S.M
šexá
be_obligated.IPFV
-y
-3.S.M
-wə.
-3.S.M

And so the North Wind was obliged to confess that the Sun was the stronger of the two.

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