Middle Laeh Registers
The inherited pronouns are usually used for speaking to people of the same social status, lower social status, and or younger age.
When speaking respectfully to or of people of a similar status who are not close, the following is used
If one is male:
1st sg. sat ni (gram. sáet ni) (speaking to sg.) / sat long (gram. sáet long) (speaking to du.) / sat lo (gram. sáet lo) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. du. sat nithet (gram. sáet nitêt) (speaking to sg.) / sat longthet (gram. sáet longtêt) (speaking to du.) / sat lothet (gram. sáet lotêt) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. pl. sat niya (gram. sáet niya) (speaking to sg.) / sat longya (gram. sáet lonya) (speaking to du.) / sat loya (gram. sáet loya) (speaking to pl.)
(sat (gram. sáet) "brother")
If one is female:
1st sg. nay ni (gram. nay ni) (speaking to sg.) / nay long (gram. nay long) (speaking to du.) / nay lo (gram. nay lo) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. du. nay nithet (gram. nay nitêt) (speaking to sg.) / nay longthet (gram. nay longtêt) (speaking to du.) / nay lothet (gram. nay lotêt) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. pl. nay niya (gram. nay niya) (speaking to sg.) / nay longya (gram. nay lonya) (speaking to du.) / nay loya (gram. nay loya) (speaking to pl.)
(nay (gram. nay) "sister")
If who one is speaking to is male:
2nd sg. sat ma (gram. sáet ma) (speaking as sg.) / sat rung (gram. sáet rung) (speaking as du.) / sat ru (gram. sáet ru) (speaking as pl.)
2nd du. sat mathet (gram. sáet matêt) (speaking as sg.) / sat rungthet (gram. sáet rungtêt) (speaking as du.), / sat ruthet (gram. sáet rutêt) (speaking as pl.)
2nd pl. sat maya (gram. sáet maya) (speaking as sg.) / sat rungya (gram. sáet runya) (speaking as du.) / sat ruya (gram. sáet ruya) (speaking as pl.)
(sat (gram. sáet) "brother")
If who one is speaking to is female:
2nd sg. nay ma (gram. nay ma) (speaking as sg.) / nay rung (gram. nay rung) (speaking as du.) / nay ru (gram. nay ru) (speaking as pl.)
2nd du. nay mathet (gram. nay matêt) (speaking as sg.) / nay rungthet (gram. nay rungtêt) (speaking as du.), / nay ruthet (gram. nay rutêt) (speaking as pl.)
2nd pl. nay maya (gram. nay maya) (speaking as sg.) / nay rungya (gram. nay runya) (speaking as du.) / nay ruya (gram. nay ruya) (speaking as pl.)
(nay (gram. nay) "sister")
If who one is speaking of is male:
3rd sg. sat le (gram. sáet le)
3rd du. sat lethet (gram. sáet letêt)
3rd pl. sat leya (gram. sáet leya)
(sat (gram. sáet) "brother")
If who one is speaking of is female:
3rd sg. nay le (gram. nay le)
3rd du. nay lethet (gram. nay letêt)
3rd pl. nay leya (gram nay leya)
(nay (gram. nay) "sister")
When speaking respectfully to or of people of a higher status or older age who one does not have too distant a relationship with, the following is used:
If one is male:
1st sg. ngyeh ni (gram. nyè' ni) (speaking to sg.) / ngyeh long (gram. nyè' long) (speaking to du.) / ngyeh lo (gram. nyè' lo) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. du. ngyeh nithet (gram. nyè' nitêt) (speaking to sg.) / ngyeh longthet (gram. nyè' longtêt) (speaking to du.) / ngyeh lothet (gram. nyè' lotêt) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. pl. ngyeh niya (gram. nyè' niya) (speaking to sg.) / ngyeh longya (gram. nyè' lonya) (speaking to du.) / ngyeh loya (gram. nyè' loya) (speaking to pl.)
(ngyeh (gram. nyè') "son")
If one is female:
1st sg. rkha ni (gram. rkâ ni) (speaking to sg.) / rkha long (gram. rkâ long) (speaking to du.) / rkha lo (gram. rkâ lo) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. du. rkha nithet (gram. rkâ nitêt) (speaking to sg.) / rkha longthet (gram. rkâ longtêt) (speaking to du.) / rkha lothet (gram. rkâ lotêt) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. pl. rkha niya (gram. rkâ niya) (speakign to sg.) / rkha longya (gram. rkâ lonya) (speaking to du.) / rkha loya (gram. rkâ loya) (speaking to pl.)
(rkha (gram. rkâ) "daughter")
If who one is speaking to is male:
2nd sg. sat moh ma (gram. sáet mò' ma) (speaking as sg.) / sat moh rung (gram. sáet mò' rung) (speaking as du.) / sat moh ru (gram. sáet mò' ru) (speaking as pl.)
2nd du. sat moh mathet (gram. sáet mò' matêt) (speaking as sg.) / sat moh rungthet (gram. sáet mò' rungtêt) (speaking as du.) / sat moh ruthet (gram. sáet mò' rutêt) (speaking as pl.)
2nd pl. sat moh maya (gram. sáet mò' maya) (speakign as sg.) / sat moh rungya (gram. sáet mò' runya) (speaking as du.) / sat moh ruya (gram. sáet mò' ruya) (speaking as pl.)
(sat moh (gram. sáet mò') "paternal uncle")
If who one is speaking to is female:
2nd sg. nay di ma (gram. nay di ma) (speaking as sg.) / nay di rung (gram. nay di rung) (speaking as du.) / nay di ru (gram. nay di ru) (speaking as pl.)
2nd du. nay di mathet (gram. nay di matêt) (speaking as sg.) / nay di rungthet (gram. nay di rungtêt) (speaking as du.) / nay di ruthet (gram. nay di rutêt) (speaking as pl.)
2nd pl. nay di maya (gram. nay di maya) (speakign as sg.) / nay di rungya (gram. nay di runya) (speaking as du.) / nay di ruya (gram. nay di ruya) (speaking as pl.)
(nay di (gram. nay di) "maternal aunt")
If who one is speaking of is male:
3rd sg. sat moh le (gram. sáet mò' le)
3rd du. sat moh lethet (gram. sáet mò' letêt)
3rd pl. sat moh leya (gram. sáet mò' leya)
(sat moh (gram. sáet mò') "paternal uncle")
If who one is speaking of is female:
3rd sg. nay di le (gram. nay di le)
3rd du. nay di lethet (gram. nay di letêt)
3rd pl. nay di leya (gram. nay di leya)
(nay di (gram. nay di) "maternal aunt")
When speaking respectfully to or of people of a lower status or younger age who one does not have too distant a relationship with, the following is used:
If one is male:
1st sg. sat moh ni (gram. sáet mò' ni) (speaking to sg.) / sat moh long (gram. sáet mò' long) (speaking to du.) / sat moh lo (gram. sáet mò' lo) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. du. sat moh nithet (gram. sáet mò' nitêt) (speaking to sg.) / sat moh longthet (gram. sáet mò' longtêt) (speaking to du.) / sat moh lothet (gram. sáet mò' lotêt) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. pl. sat moh niya (gram. sáet mò' niya) (speakign to sg.) / sat moh longya (gram. sáet mò' lonya) (speaking to du.) / sat moh loya (gram. sáet mò' loya) (speaking to pl.)
(sat moh (gram. sáet mò') "paternal uncle")
If one is female:
1st sg. nay di ni (gram. nay di ni) (speaking to sg.) / nay di long (gram. nay di long) (speaking to du.) / nay di lo (gram. nay di lo) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. du. nay di nithet (gram. nay di nitêt) (speaking to sg.) / nay di longthet (gram. nay di longtêt) (speaking to du.) / nay di lothet (gram. nay di lotêt) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. pl. nay di niya (gram. nay di niya) (speakign to sg.) / nay di longya (gram. nay di lonya) (speaking to du.) / nay di loya (gram. nay di loya) (speaking to pl.)
(nay di (gram. nay di) "maternal aunt")
If who one is speaking to is male:
2nd sg. ngyeh ma (gram. nyè' ma) (speaking as sg.) / ngyeh rung (gram. nyè' rung) (speaking as du.) / ngyeh ru (gram. nyè' ru) (speaking as pl.)
2nd du. ngyeh mathet (gram. nyè' matêt) (speaking as sg.) / ngyeh rungthet (gram. nyè' rungtêt) (speaking as du.), / ngyeh ruthet (gram. nyè' rutêt) (speaking as pl.)
2nd pl. ngyeh maya (gram. nyè' maya) (speaking as sg.) / ngyeh rungya (gram. nyè' runya) (speaking as du.) / ngyeh ruya (gram. nyè' ruya) (speaking as pl.)
(ngyeh (gram. nyè') "son")
If who one is speaking to is female:
2nd sg. rkha ma (gram. rkâ ma) (speaking as sg.) / rkha rung (gram. rkâ rung) (speaking as du.) / rkha ru (gram. rkâ ru) (speaking as pl.)
2nd du. rkha mathet (gram. rkâ matêt) (speaking as sg.) / rkha rungthet (gram. rkâ rungtêt) (speaking as du.), / rkha ruthet (gram. rkâ rutêt) (speaking as pl.)
2nd pl. rkha maya (gram. rkâ maya) (speaking as sg.) / rkha rungya (gram. rkâ runya) (speaking as du.) / rkha ruya (gram. rkâ ruya) (speaking as pl.)
(rkha (gram. rkâ) "daughter")
If who one is speaking of is male:
3rd sg. ngyeh le (gram. nyè' le)
3rd du. ngyeh lethet (gram. nyè' letêt)
3rd pl. ngyeh leya (gram. nyè' leya)
(ngyeh (gram. nyè') "son")
If who one is speaking of is female:
3rd sg. rkha le (gram. rkâ le)
3rd du. rkha lethet (gram. rkâ letêt)
3rd pl. rkha leya (gram. rkâ leya)
(rkha (gram. rkâ) "daughter")
When speaking respectfully to or of one or more persons of markedly higher social status, the following are used:
1st sg. tlyer ni (gram. lé' ni) (speaking to sg.) / tlyer long (gram. lé' long) (speaking to du.) / tlyer lo (gram. lé' lo) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. du. tlyer nithet (gram. lé' nitêt) (speaking to sg.) / tlyer longthet (gram. lé' longtêt) (speaking to du.) / tlyer lothet (gram. lé' lotêt) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. pl. tlyer niya (gram. lé' niya) (speaking to sg.) / tlyer longya (gram. lé' lonya) (speaking to du.) / tlyer loya (gram. lé' loya) (speaking to pl.)
(tlyer (gram. lé') "servant")
If who one is speaking to is male:
2nd sg. rbyat ma (gram. rbaet ma) (speaking as sg.) / rbyat rung (gram. rbaet rung) (speaking as du.) / rbyat ru (gram. rbaet ru) (speaking as pl.)
2nd du. rbyat mathet (gram. rbaet matêt) (speaking as sg.) / rbyat rungthet (gram. rbaet rungtêt) (speaking as du.), / rbyat ruthet (gram. rbaet rutêt) (speaking as pl.)
2nd pl. rbyat maya (gram. rbaet maya) (speaking as sg.) / rbyat rungya (gram. rbaet runya) (speaking as du.) / rbyat ruya (gram. rbaet ruya) (speaking as pl.)
(rbyat (gram. rbaet) "lord")
If who one is speaking to is female:
2nd sg. mthak ma (gram. ntâk ma) (speaking as sg.) / mthak rung (gram. ntâk rung) (speaking as du.) / mthak ru (gram. ntâk ru) (speaking as pl.)
2nd du. mthak mathet (gram. ntâk matêt) (speaking as sg.) / mthak rungthet (gram. ntâk rungtêt) (speaking as du.), / mthak ruthet (gram. ntâk rutêt) (speaking as pl.)
2nd pl. mthak maya (gram. ntâk maya) (speaking as sg.) / mthak rungya (gram. ntâk runya) (speaking as du.) / mthak ruya (gram. ntâk ruya) (speaking as pl.)
(mthak (gram. ntâk) "lady")
If who one is speaking of is male:
3rd. sg. rbyat le (gram. rbaet le)
3rd. du. rbyat lethet (gram. rbaet letêt)
3rd. pl. rbyat leya (gram. rbaet leya)
(rbyat (gram. rbaet) "lord")
If who one is speaking of is female:
3rd sg. mthak le (gram. ntâk le)
3rd du. mthak lethet (gram. ntâk letêt)
3rd pl. mthak leya (gram. ntâk leya)
(mthak (gram. ntâk) "lady")
When one is lording over people socially beneath them, the following are used:
If one is male:
1st sg. rbyat ni (gram. rbaet ni) (speaking to sg.) / rbyat long (gram. rbaet long) (speaking to du.) / rbyat lo (gram. rbaet lo) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. du. rbyat nithet (gram. rbaet nitêt) (speaking to sg.) / rbyat longthet (gram. rbaet longtêt) (speaking to du.) / rbyat lothet (gram. rbaet lotêt) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. pl. rbyat niya (gram. rbaet niya) (speaking to sg.) / rbyat longya (gram. rbaet lonya) (speaking to du.) / rbyat loya (gram. rbaet loya) (speaking to pl.)
(rbyat (gram. rbaet) "lord")
If one is female:
1st sg. mthak ni (gram. ntâk ni) (speaking to sg.) / mthak long (gram. ntâk long) (speaking to du.) / mthak lo (gram. ntâk lo) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. du. mthak nithet (gram. ntâk nitêt) (speaking to sg.) / mthak longthet (gram. ntâk longtêt) (speaking to du.) / mthak lothet (gram. ntâk lotêt) (speaking to pl.)
1st excl. pl. mthak niya (gram. ntâk niya) (speaking to sg.) / mthak longya (gram. ntâk lonya) (speaking to du.) / mthak loya (gram. ntâk loya) (speaking to pl.)
(mthak (gram. ntâk) "lady")
2nd sg. tlyer ma (gram. lé' ma) (speaking as sg.) / tlyer rung (gram. lé' rung) (speaking as du.) / tlyer ru (gram. lé' ru) (speaking as pl.)
2nd du. tlyer mathet (gram. lé' matêt) (speaking as sg.) / tlyer rungthet (gram. lé' rungtêt) (speaking as du.), / tlyer ruthet (gram. lé' rutêt) (speaking as pl.)
2nd pl. tlyer maya (gram. lé' maya) (speaking as sg.) / tlyer rungya (gram. lé' runya) (speaking as du.) / tlyer ruya (gram. lé' ruya) (speaking as pl.)
3rd sg. tlyer le (gram. lé' le)
3rd du. tlyer lethet (gram. lé' letêt)
3rd pl. tlyer leya (gram. lé' leya)
(tlyer (gram. lé') "servant")